Vaccines for the 21st Century : A Tool for Decisionmaking Hardback

Vaccines have made it possible to eradicate the scourge of smallpox, promise the same for polio, and have profoundly reduced the threat posed by other diseases such as whooping cough, measles, and meningitis. What is next? There are many pathogens, autoimmune diseases, and cancers that may be promising targets for vaccine research and development. This volume provides an analytic framework and quantitative model for evaluating disease conditions that can be applied by those setting priorities for vaccine development over the coming decades.

The committee describes an approach for comparing potential new vaccines based on their impact on morbidity and mortality and on the costs of both health care and vaccine development.

The book examines:Lessons to be learned from the polio experience. Scientific advances that set the stage for new vaccines. Factors that affect how vaccines are used in the population. Value judgments and ethical questions raised by comparison of health needs and benefits. The committee provides a way to compare different forms of illness and set vaccine priorities without assigning a monetary value to lives.

Their recommendations will be important to anyone involved in science policy and public health planning: policymakers, regulators, health care providers, vaccine manufacturers, and researchers. Table of ContentsFront MatterExecutive SummaryIntroductionProgress in Vaccine DevelopmentConsiderations of Candidate VaccinesOverview of Analytic Approach and ResultsReview of the Analytical ModelEthical Considerations and CaveatsObservationsReferencesAppendix 1: Borrelia burgdorferiAppendix 2: ChlamydiaAppendix 3: Coccidioides ImmitisAppendix 4: CytomegalovirusAppendix 5: Enterotoxigenic E. coliAppendix 6: Epstein-Barr VirusAppendix 7: Helicobacter pyloriAppendix 8: Hepatitis CAppendix 9: Herpes Simplex VirusAppendix 10: Histoplasma capsulatumAppendix 11: Human PaillomavirusAppendix 12: Influenza A and BAppendix 13: Insulin-Dependent Diabetes MellitusAppendix 14: MelanomaAppendix 15: Multiple SclerosisAppendix 16: Mycobacterium tuberculosisAppendix 17: Neisseria gonnorrheaAppendix 18: Neisseria meningitidisAppendix 19: Parainfluenza VirusAppendix 20: Respiratory Syncytial VirusAppendix 21: Rheumatoid ArthritisAppendix 22: RotavirusAppendix 23: ShigellaAppendix 24: Streptococcus, Group AAppendix 25: Streptococcus, Group BAppendix 26: Streptococcus pneumoniaeAppendix 27: Information on accessing Electronic SpreadsheetsAppendix 28: Summary of WorkshopsAppendix 29: Questions Posed to Outside Experts and List ofRespondersIndex